Eyeglasses or spectacles.



No. 674,974. Patented ma 28,1901. n. H. LUDLOW. EYEGLASSES 0R SPECTACLES.

(Application filed. Dec. 9, 1899.)

(Flo Modal.)

$MZM in.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFF CE.

DAVID HUNT LUDLOW, OF EASTON, PENNSYLVANIA.

EYEG LASSES OR SPECTAC LES.

SPECIFICATION formingpart of Letters Patent N 0. 674,974., dated May 28, 1901. Application filed December 9,1899- Serial No- 739,784=. (No model.

To all 11/71/0711, it may concern:

Beitknown that 1, DAVID HUNT LUDLow,a citizen of the United States, residing at Easton, in the county of Northampton and State of Pennsylvania, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Eyeglasses or Spectacles, of which the following is a specification.

The objects of my invention are to secure in the nose-rests greater adjustability, increased effectiveness of clutch, and more perfect distribution of pressure than is possible with the forms heretofore used, together with simplicity, neatness of appearance, and economy of production, and also, if desired, to directly connect the nose-rests by a bridge so constructed as to insnre'proper bearing of the nose-rests and at the same time obtain from it additional support and firmness, together with adjustability, economy of material, more advantageous resilience, and exceptional simplicity and neatness.

Devices embodying my improvements are represented in the accompanying drawings and hereinafter described and claimed.

In the drawings, Figure l is a front elevational view of a pair of eyeglasses embodying my improvements, which are also applicable to spectacles. Fig. 2 is a sectional view of the glasses represented in Fig. 1 in the plane of the dotted line 2 2 of said figure, sight being taken in the direction of the arrows applied to said line. Fig. 3 is a perspective view of a typical embodiment of my improvements removed from the clampingposts. Figs. 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, and!) are fragmentary sec- .tional views of various types more or less embodying my invention removed from the clamping-posts except in Fig. 8, sight being taken as in Fig. 2. Fig. 10 is a front elevational view of a typical embodiment of my improved nose-rests without the direct-ly-connecting bridge shown in Fig. 1. Fig. 11 isa sectional view of the same at the dotted line 11 11 in the direction of the applied arrows. Figs. 12, 13, and 14 are similar views of the nose-rest removed from the clamping-postin various phases of adjustment. Figs. 15, 16, 17, 18, and 19 show typical patterns for the nose-rest in the flat. Fig 20 is a typical pattern in the flat for a mounting similar to that shown in Fig. 3.

Similar letters of reference indicate corresponding parts.

In the drawings, Zrepresents the lenses, and p clamping-posts, which are typical of any convenient means of attachment.

n represents the nose-rests, secured to the clamping-posts by the screws 8 through the holes 77., either directly, as in Fig. 9, or by means of an arm a, as in the other figures. The arm a preferably rises at any convenient point from the posterior edge of the noserest n, with which it is continuous, through the fold f, though, if desired, they may be made of separate pieces attached to each other by any convenient means. A quarterturn foldf, as in Fig. 17, may also be used, if desired, to turn up the end of the arm for lodgment in the clamping-post p.

B in Fig. 10 is the ordinary spring connecting the clamping-posts and is typical of any spring or bridge directly connecting them without the intervention of the nose-rests or their arms.

I) is typical of any bridge or spring resting on the nose and directly connecting the noserests without the intervention of the arms a and indirectly connecting the lenses through the intervention of the nose-rests. It may join the nose-rests at any point of thela-tter, as shown typically in Figs. 4, 6, and 7, and there may be a foldj at their junction, as in Figs. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6, or not, as in Figs. 7 and 8. It may be madeintegral with the noserests or in separate pieces properly attached. Preferably, however, it is madeintegral with the nose-rests, each of which it joins at its lower end by a fold j, as shown in Figs. 1, 2, 3, 5, and 9. A suitable patternis shown in Fig. 20 in the flat, the location and axis of each fold being indicated by an arrow. By manipulating the foldj (see Fig. 5) the bridge I) may easily be tilted to a lower position b, or vice versa, and by changing the position of the fold to a pointj the bridge I) is readily made longer at the expense of the nose-rest, and vice versa. Bending the bridgebto conform to the surface of the nose, as atj in Fig. 1, t'pso fac'lfo brings the lower end of the nose-rest n (now at or) into proper relation with the side of the nose. The upper end of the nose-rest may be adjusted farther in, as at n, by slightly opening the foldj, and vice versa. Thus the bridge I) and the nose-rests n are capable of complete and ready adjustment with respect to each'other and to the nose.

The relative positions of nose-rest and lens are controlled by the arm ct. Simple manipulation of the fold f; as indicated in Fig. 12,

sbrings the nose -rest into a position more nearly parallel to the plane of the lens, as at n', or vice versa. Changing the position of the bend falong the arm aapproximates the oseest o the p ane of the en as i Fig- 13, or removes it therefrom,as in Fig. 14. Increasing or decreasing the radius of curvature of the foldf or manipulation of the rest of the arm or increases or decreases the pupillary distance, as indicated in Fig. 10 at n, while a simple twist of the arm a serves to adjust the axis of the lens to the horizontal, as indicated in Fig. 10 at n. The remaining manipulations, such as those for conforming the nose-rests smoothly to the nose, are too simple and manifest to require description, though it should be noted that the fold f in Fig. 17 (which is typical of such a fold in any of'the other patterns) is of value in adjusting the lenses upward or downward and that the use of either of the patterns shown in Figs. 15 and 16 affords adjustment upward and downward by moving the position of the fold falong the arm.

In the preferred construction (shown in Figs. 1, 2, and 3) the bridge 17, adjusted, preferably, to rest on the firm bony portion of the bridge of the nose, steadies the glasses, bears a due proportion of their weight, (thus relieving the nose-rests of a part of their burden very agreeably to' the wearer,) and prevents the glasses from tilting forward around the nose-rests as a center. As the material of the bridge 1) passes toward the nose at the junctional fold j, the bridge itself exerts little or no pressure on the nose in that vicinity, insuring the elficiency of the nose-rest to its extreme lowest limit and counteracting any tendency of the glasses to slip forward at the bottom. i

The bridge I) is preferably, though not necessarily, of resilient material, and while it aflfords the utmost economy of material there is abundantlength for satisfactory resilience, because the elasticity of the nose-rests is also utilized and because it is all used to the best advantage. When the glasses are drawn apart in the direction of their horizontal axis, the sheer resilience of the bridge b readily permits the slight motion necessary to free the lower ends of the nose-rests from the nose, whileits torsional resilience,added to the sheer resilience of the nose-rests and junctional folds j, gives greater motion to the upper ends of the nose-rests Where it is wanted to free them from the softer tissues into which they press when the glasses are in position on the nose. The application of the resilience of the bridge directly to the nose-rests instead of indirectly through their arms it permits the use of lighter material and contributes both to the economy of material and to the neatness of appearance, in addition to making possible the advantages before mentioned.

If desired, the nose-rests may be used with the ordinary spring B, as in Figs. 10 and 11, or other convenient form of bridge not directly connecting the nose-rests. They are made, preferably, of thin moderately elastic material, though they may be rigid, if preferred. If pliable and elastic, they distribute the pressure more evenly and enhance the wearers comfort. Preferably each nose-rest is carried by an arm arising from some point along its posterior edge. .It may rise from the top end, which by reason of the tilt of the nose-rest becomes a part of the posterior edge, as shown in Figs. 8 and 19, or it may come off at any lower point, but preferably in the middle third .of the posterior edge. It is then carried'forward to be secured to the clampingpost,"thus forming the bend or fold f, which is characteristic and which may be more or less open,according to the requirements of the particular case. This construction (shown in Figs. 10 to 19, inclusive) secures for the noserest a free front edge and lower end, makingit more efficient than it would otherwise be and doing away with all need of special surfacing or reinforcement with celluloid or other material, though this may be used, if desired. 'When the ordinary spring B is used, as in Fig. 10, the fold f adds to the resilience, fa-

vorably influences the direction of its applis cation, especially to the front edge of the nose-rest, and renders more available the torsional elasticity of the arm a, thus tending to equalize the pressure at the two ends of the nose-rest n. It is also solely by virtue of the fold j that I am able to adjust the nose-rest forward, Fig. 13, or backward, Fig.

14-, and tilt it to any angle with the plane of the glasses, Fig; 12.

The pattern in Fig. 20 is made by connecting two nose-rest patterns of the type shown in Fig. 15 by a straight bridge-piece b. The types shown in Figs. 16, 17, 18, and 19 may be similarly treated, as may be any other suitable form of nose-rest, and the bridge-piece may be variously shaped. Patterns for the types shown in Figs. 4 to 9, inclusive, are.

thus readily formed. No one of the types in Figs. 5, 6, 7, and 8 embodies all ofmy improvements, and the advantages claimed for them are correspondingly less. The type in Fig. 9 may be improved by adding a second nost-restr, asindicated. That I do not claim, but only its combination with the bridgepiece b, and the same is true of the nose-rest (separately) shown in Figs. 5 and 6, nor do I claim the fold f. (Shown in Fig. 17.)

Having thus described my invention, I claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent 1. The nose-rest it, provided with an arm which leaves said nose-rest at a point posterior to its anterior edge and runs outward away from the plane of said nose-rest and then forward forming a backwardly convex fold f, substantially as described.

2. In combination, a pair of lenses, clamping-posts attached thereto, nose-rests, each of which is attached to its respective clampinging-post by a connecting-arm which leaves said nose-rest from its upper end at a point posterior To its anterior edge and runs outward away from the plane of said nose-rest and then forward forming a backwardly convex fold f, and a bridge adapted to rest upon the nose of the wearer and connecting said nose-rest at their lower ends and connecting the clampingposts indirectly through the medium of said nose-rest and arms, substantially as set forth.

3. In combination, a pair of lenses, clampin g-posts attached thereto, nose-rests, each of which is attached to its respective clampingpost by an arm which leaves said nose-rest at a point posterior to its anterior edge and runs outward away from the plane of said nose-rest and then forward forming a backwardly convex fold f, and a bridge adapted to rest upon the nose of the wearer and connecting said nose-rest directly and the clamping-posts indirectly through the medium of said noserests and arms, substantially as set forth.

4. In combination, a pair of lenses, clamping-posts attached thereto, nose-rests, each of which is attached to its respective clampingpost, and a bridge of which the middle portion is adapted to rest upon the nose of the wearer and of which each extremity, after rising, from its respective nose-rest, runs outward away from the subjacent surface of the nose and then upward and forward to become continuous with the middle portion aforesaid, substantially as set forth.

5. In combination, a pair of lenses, clamping-posts attached thereto, nose-rests, each of which is attached to its respective clampingpost by an arm which leaves said nose-rest at a point posterior to its anterior edge and runs outward away from the plane of said nose-rest and then forward forming a backwardly convex foldf, and a bridge rising by an outward fold from each of said nose-rests and adapted to rest upon the nose of the wearer, substantially as set forth.

DAVID HUNT LUDLOWV.

Witnesses:

ELLEN H. F. LUDLow, REUBEN KOLB.

Corrections in Letters Patent No. 674,974.

It is hereby certified that in Letters Patent No. 67et,974t, granted May 28, 1901, upon the application of David Hunt LudloW, of Easton, Pennsylvania, for an improvement in Eyeglasses or Spectacles, errors appear in the printed specification requiring correction, as follows: In line 62, page 1, the Word rises should read arises in line 82, page 2 the Word rise should read arise in lines 37 and 50, page 3, the Word rising should read arising} and in lines 16, 18, and 29, page 3, the word nose-rest should read nose-rests; and that the said Letters Patent should be read with these corrections therein that the same may conform to the record of Office.

Sign ed, countersigned, and sealed this 18th day of June, A. 1)., 1901.

the case in the Patent [SEAL] F. L. CAMPBELL,

Assistant Secretary of the Interior.

Gountersigned F. I. ALLEN,-

Oommissioner of Patents. 

